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Laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an atomic emission analytical technique that involves focusing a high power, short laser pulse (usually in the nanosecond range) on a sample surface. A very energetic plasma, rich in electrons, atoms and ions is formed. The plasma radiation, characteristic of the elements present in the sample, is collected and analyzed.
LIBS provides a simple, fast and direct method of elemental analysis. Little to no sample preparation is needed, and detection limits for solid samples is in the low part‐per‐ million (ppm) range.
The instrumentation for LIBS generally consists of a pulsed laser beam for sample ablation or breakdown, the optics for focusing the laser beam and plasma emission, a spectral resolution device for wavelength selection and a detector.
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